In December 2025, the Nigerian government stated that it had conducted an investigation. However, authorities have not shared the findings with the community and have not taken action to stop the leaks.
Nigerian authorities must urgently complete a transparent investigation, stop the gas leaks, and take immediate steps to protect residents from further harm.
Gas leaks spread across Bille community
Residents first reported the gas leaks in October 2025, when fishermen noticed bubbling water and a strong sulphurous smell in nearby swamps and rivers. Within a week, more residents reported similar leaks at multiple locations, including inside the town. The leaks continue to this day.
As a result, many people believe their drinking water has been contaminated. Several residents have reported illness. In addition, some children became sick and started vomiting, forcing a school to relocate them for safety.
Residents first reported the gas leaks in October 2025, when fishermen noticed bubbling water and a strong sulphurous smell in nearby swamps and rivers. Within a week, more residents reported similar leaks at multiple locations, including inside the town. The leaks continue to this day.
As a result, many people believe their drinking water has been contaminated. Several residents have reported illness. In addition, some children became sick and started vomiting, forcing a school to relocate them for safety.
Lack of action and transparency
In December 2025, the National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency carried out air quality tests at several sites. At one location, methane levels were recorded at 10,000 times higher than normal background levels. However, authorities have not published the full findings.
Despite the severity of the situation, the government has not taken effective steps to stop the leaks or protect public health. This lack of transparency and action continues to put residents at risk.
In December 2025, the National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency carried out air quality tests at several sites. At one location, methane levels were recorded at 10,000 times higher than normal background levels. However, authorities have not published the full findings.
Despite the severity of the situation, the government has not taken effective steps to stop the leaks or protect public health. This lack of transparency and action continues to put residents at risk.
Environmental damage and government responsibility
Communities in the Niger Delta, including Bille, have long lived with pollution from oil operations. In many cases, oil companies have failed to properly clean up contaminated land. As a result, residents continue to face serious risks to their health and environment.
The Nigerian government has a duty to protect people from these harms, including those linked to private actors such as oil companies. Previous research has raised concerns about the condition of oil infrastructure and its impact on human rights, including the right to health and a safe environment.
Amnesty International has supported Bille and the nearby community of Ogale for more than a decade. Both communities have faced widespread environmental damage from oil spills, which destroyed livelihoods and left thousands without access to clean water. Their legal case against Shell is ongoing, with a trial expected in 2027.
At the same time, methane leaks contribute significantly to global warming. Therefore, the Nigerian government should also take steps to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and meet its international climate obligations.
Communities in the Niger Delta, including Bille, have long lived with pollution from oil operations. In many cases, oil companies have failed to properly clean up contaminated land. As a result, residents continue to face serious risks to their health and environment.
The Nigerian government has a duty to protect people from these harms, including those linked to private actors such as oil companies. Previous research has raised concerns about the condition of oil infrastructure and its impact on human rights, including the right to health and a safe environment.
Amnesty International has supported Bille and the nearby community of Ogale for more than a decade. Both communities have faced widespread environmental damage from oil spills, which destroyed livelihoods and left thousands without access to clean water. Their legal case against Shell is ongoing, with a trial expected in 2027.
At the same time, methane leaks contribute significantly to global warming. Therefore, the Nigerian government should also take steps to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and meet its international climate obligations.
